SHAMANISM
What is shamanism?
Shamanism is perhaps the oldest system with which man has sought connection with creation, yet it has no scriptures or dogma. It doesn't tell you to worship one god, or to associate only with those who hold the same beliefs. Shamanism is concerned with what goes on beneath the surface of things - why certain situations occur in our lives and why we act as we do. It is concerned with the nature of our creation - why and how we came to be.
Shamanism takes nature as its teacher. It is concerned with the natural flow of life and with showing respect to our fellow creatures and to one another. North American medicine men are similar to African witchdoctors in their belief in the power of the earth. Those who share these beliefs have often been misunderstood and regarded with suspicion and fear. Medieval witches were burnt and, more recently, Native Americans killed and their ancestral homes seized. The Aborigines face discrimination, and the development of the modern world draws Inuit and other native peoples away from their traditional ways.
Shamanism would seem to be hanging on by a thread. Because all is connected, this is also true of humanity and the globe. In the West, there has been a resurgence of interest in nature-based religions, shamanism among them. Shamanism is not complicated. Many people conduct their lives in a shamanistic manner without referring to it in that way. For others, the word shamanism describes this energy perfectly.
How can I use shamanism?
Shamanism is concerned with being a true human; living in a manner that is respectful and true. Many who choose to travel this road develop clairvoyance or healing ability, but as a by-product of shamanism.
Shamanism is something with which you feel a connection. It is not something to which you sign up. It is not about having powers, but it is about the power to be ourselves, to live the way we would like to live and to feel connected to something greater than ourselves.
Another way to describe it is as a form of personal development. Many of the ceremonies of the Native Americans help us to improve ourselves. If during a ceremony you pray that you may become less angry, this may draw situations to you that will force you to overcome your anger. You may also find yourself moved to help your prayers into being. Praying for help for a neighbour is good, but it is not so easy to actually do their shopping for them.
What is ceremony?
Ceremony is central to shamanism. It is a method of putting your intention into practice, like kneeling and putting your hands together to pray in the Christian tradition. It is about expressing how you would like to live and what you want to be.
There are many traditional ceremonies in use, but you can invent your own as appropriate. You may make up an 'I want a job I can really enjoy' ceremony. You could meditate for five minutes, write a wish-list of all the things you want from a new job on a piece of paper and then burn it, symbolically sending your message to the spirit world. Performing this ceremony won't guarantee you a new job next Monday, but it will signal to the spirit world and to yourself that you are ready for something new. Using ceremony can bring opportunities for change.
In ceremony I tend to focus on the one or two issues that are most important to me. When I started attending sweat lodges, I prayed for every little thing that I wanted to change in my life. Afterwards I would have very concentrated periods of learning because praying has consequences, and prayers are often answered in unexpected ways. You may pray for a better relationship with your wife and then, when you get home, have the biggest row the two of you have ever had, only after which can you start talking openly with one another. If, during a sweat lodge ceremony, you pray for 10 different things, you may trigger 10 events of similar magnitude and give yourself a very unpleasant time. My advice is to choose your prayers wisely, as results will entail some work on your part.
Why are some ceremonies always performed in exactly the same way?
Some ceremonies have existed for many generations, and as they are performed again and again they bring with them the power and intention of previous occasions. When performed repeatedly a ceremony itself begins to hold power.
Many of the ancient ceremonies were received by shamans in visions. Their visions often contained precise details of how to perform every aspect of the ceremony, as if God were saying that a ceremony performed exactly as described would inherently carry much power and the ability to bring blessings to the planet and its people.
Will I need any special equipment?
We can provide related items but we cannot sell you shamanism. The products we sell are only tools - the true place of learning is within your self.
Pipes are smoked in a ceremonial manner with intent and awareness that you are praying and not simply having a smoke after dinner. The smoke is blown to the heavens so that it may symbolically carry your prayers to the creator. Tobacco symbolically holds your prayers and is considered sacred. If you wish to carry your prayers with you in ceremony, you could wrap a pinch of tobacco in a square of coloured material, secure it with string and wear it around your neck. After the ceremony, you can throw this 'prayer tie' into the fire and, as it burns, your prayers will be carried to the heavens.
Feathers and wings can help you to brush the smoke from smudge sticks over yourself to cleanse your aura of unwanted energies. Smudging is like having a wash on a level that soap and water cannot reach. Feathers can also be used to direct energy in healing and ceremony.
Jewellery can also be used in a ceremonial way. If you feel that you need insight, you could wear a pendant of an owl. If you wear this pendant only when you want to receive insight, it will begin to carry a power of its own, because of your intention that it should do so. This may help draw you to situations in which you can receive insight. You could of course wear an owl pendant purely because you find it attractive as a piece of jewellery.
If you hang a dream catcher above your bed, this sends out the message that you want to 'catch' or remember your dreams and to filter out those that are of no use to you.
Objects are only as powerful as your intention. If you wish to make an offering to the spirits you could purchase blue corn, which is traditionally used by some Native Americans. However, it would be equally valid to walk out to a field and leave an apple - or any other item - there as an offering, as long as you do this with firm intent. By showing intent, you give of yourself. What you have done has taken effort and, through giving, you may receive. Making an offering sends a signal that you are open to receiving, and is a symbol of your appreciation of the guidance of the spirits and of God. The spirits will not eat your offering, but in a way they absorb your intention, for, like everything else, your intention is energy. Your offering completes the circle of giving and receiving.
Summary
Shamanism is not about becoming a Native American Indian. It is about trying to reach our full potential as we walk on planet earth. Recently people have begun to blend different faiths from around the world. We may meditate like Buddhists, pray like Native Americans and use tarot for personal development, bringing knowledge from many sources to create positive energy and a better planet.
Shamanism is natural and is only as magical as we believe it to be. A student once asked a great teacher, with whom I performed a ceremony, a very deep question about why a ceremony was carried out in a particular manner. He replied, "Don't ask me, I just work here." His answer illustrates that when we have an affinity with this path it can feel as if we are wondrous tools in life's great mystery. We sense that life around us is an extension of ourselves, and acts as a giant instruction manual on how to live life. Shamanism is in part a study of our environment, which is a big reflection of who we are. All the information we need is around us. We only need to know how to look for it. Duties Of The Shaman A shaman is concerned with the health and well being of the entire community, not just one person. This extends to all plants, animals and the whole environment. Shamans transverse into spirit worlds typically by inducing an ecstatic state, which then leads to states of trance and spiritual, or sometimes physical, transformations. This state is achieved through different methods, depending on the traditions of the particular culture. North American shamans, like those in Native American tribes, are known to induce an ecstatic state through deprivation techniques like fasting and isolation. South American and Siberian shamans are known to use hallucinogens and intoxicants to induce the ecstatic state, such as mushrooms, peyote, Ayahuasca and alcohol Duties Of The Shaman A shaman is concerned with the health and well being of the entire community, not just one person. This extends to all plants, animals and the whole environment. Shamans transverse into spirit worlds typically by inducing an ecstatic state, which then leads to states of trance and spiritual, or sometimes physical, transformations. This state is achieved through different methods, depending on the traditions of the particular culture. North American shamans, like those in Native American tribes, are known to induce an ecstatic state through deprivation techniques like fasting and isolation. South American and Siberian shamans are known to use hallucinogens and intoxicants to induce the ecstatic state, such as mushrooms, peyote, Ayahuasca and alcohol.
North American Shamans
Shamans of North America typically gain their power through inheritance, personal quest, election, or by spiritual power. They often specialize in the removal of intrusive objects – this is often done by sucking out the object, literally or figuratively, to remove maladies or anything that is physically ailing. Other shamanistic practices aim to influence the weather, help with a hunt, or provide future wisdom.
However, the primary focus of North American shamanism is to heal. The majority of Native American shamans are men, although female shamans are pervasive in tribes located around northern California. The shamanism of arctic North America is more closely related to Siberian shamanism than that in the more southern part of the continent.
South American Shamans
South American shamans, located primarily in the Amazon, are chief-like figures in their tribes. The South American shaman is associated closely with jaguars and often the word used for a shaman is similar to the word for jaguar. Shamans are thought to be able to transform into jaguars at will and jaguars are thought of as not actual animals, but either a transformed shaman or the soul of a deceased shaman moving through the physical realm. Disparate tribes with little to no interaction have almost universally associated shamans with jaguars and believe in this ability to transform.
Many South American shamans perform Ayahuasca ceremonies in order to attain the ecstatic state by creating a tea from the Banisteriopsis caapi plant, often referred to as yagé. This plant contains the psychoactive compound DMT, which produces one of the most intense psychedelic experiences known to man. Consumed alone, the DMT in Banisteriopsis caapi is negated by an enzyme in the stomach known as monoamine oxidase. That’s why yagé is mixed with another plant containing an MAOI, or monoamine oxidase inhibitor, the same compound contained in many antidepressants. How shamans knew to mix these two particular plants out of the infinite possible combinations from the 40,000 different plant variants in the rainforest is a bit of a mystery. But if you ask them, they’ll tell you the plants themselves told them.
Shamans administer this compound to seekers and often take it themselves to connect to the spirit world. Other shamans in South America use the psychoactive drug mescaline from Peyote, San Pedro and other cacti to induce the shamanic state.
One key element used by shamans are the instruments played to activate the ecstatic state. Typically, a drum is used, but in South America rattles are often shook in place or in addition to a drum. For South American shamans, the rattle is very symbolic of the awakened state between our world and the spirit world they connect with. The gourd of the rattle signifies the universe, while the seeds or stones inside represent the souls of ancestors that have passed. The connection between the shaman and our ancestors is seen through the rattle’s handle, representing the world tree as a pathway to connect with the cosmos.
Siberian Shamanism
Shamanism in Siberia is considered to be the origin of the practice. The culture was found in herding populations in northern Asia, particularly a group speaking a language called Tungus. Throughout Siberia and Mongolia, the shaman was one of the most revered members of a tribe. They would either be initiated by other shamans, or take a solitary, spiritual journey off from the tribe to contact spirits and learn their mystic ways. Shamans would fit into different classesbased on what they specialized in. Some would ward off evil spirits, others would act as healers, and some would conjure spells or black magic.
The yurts that are common in the nomadic areas of Siberia and Mongolia are very symbolic in shamanism. The yurt is the connection between the underworld, physical plane, and heaven. The smoke that emanates from the middle of the yurt is the path thought to take the shaman to the cosmic world when conducting ceremonies to contact the dead.
The botanical hallucinogen of choice for shamans in Siberia is the Amanita muscaria, or fly agaric mushroom. The mushroom is highly poisonous and can be deadly in large doses, therefore the shaman must be able to correctly identify and take the proper amount. Siberian shamans would feed the mushroom to reindeer and then drink its urine in order to inactivate the poison and attain its psychedelic effects.
While shamanism was outlawed under the Soviet Union, it has had a resurgence since the fall of the USSR. Modern Siberian shamans believe that a quarter of its population practices shamanism. This sect of shamanism is called Tengerism and has been recognized as a national religion. This shamanic practice focuses on environmentalism and co-existence with other religions. While some see this as the persistence of shamanism into a modern era and modern iteration, others think that it has lost key elements of its origins and is now practiced because it is trendy.